THE REVIEW OF CURRENT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ABOUT GENERAL MECHANISMS FOR METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS INFLUENCE ON SPATIO-TEMPORAL POLLUTANTS’ VARIABILITY IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR

Abstract

The paper contains analysis of modern scientific studies concerning problems about influence of meteorological characteristics on atmospheric air pollution level. It was noted that the same meteorological impact could cause different dynamics of the pollutants’ content in the ambient air. Life time significantly vary for different chemical constituents and depends on its physical and chemical characteristics together with meteorological conditions. The opportunities of their removal from the atmosphere depends on the same factors. As a result, numerous links between chemical composition and meteorological and climatic conditions cause variety of pollutants’ chemical transformation and transportation. These processes determine difficulties of pollutants’ analysis in the atmosphere and require greater knowledge of the possible impact of meteorological processes on the atmospheric air pollution levels. Wind characteristics make the greatest contribution to the dynamics of air pollution levels among all meteorological parameters. Also, it was reviewed studies, which are dedicated to the influence of local circulation, air temperature and temperature stratification of the atmosphere, inversions, air humidity on the formation of urban air quality, large-scale pollution transportation, etc. The paper contains analysis of the research connected with variability of pollutants within different time scales, such as daily, weekly, seasonal and interannual. It is necessary to determine the levels of air pollution in a particular place to assess the negative impact and possible consequences for the purpose to develop measures of air quality improvement. The modelling results of characteristics and dynamics for pollutants in different meteorological conditions often do not coincide with the expected results and need further study of the mechanisms which form different levels of pollution. The relevant directions of further researches in Ukraine were defined. For example, the formation of general background pollution in the coastal territories and Carpathians under local wind conditions; calculations of the parameters that characterize the level of vertical and horizontal pollutants dispersion for different physico-geographical zones; planning and management of industrial objects, etc.