TEMPORAL FEATURES OF THE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article analyzes peculiarities of the tourism development in Ukraine for the period from 2013 to 2018. The factors influencing the state of tourism in Ukraine were established. It’s annexation of the Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the military-political conflict in eastern Ukraine, economic crisis with a peak in 2015. Characteristics of inbound and outbound tourist flows in Ukraine has been given, their dynamics were shown, which is unstable depending on the socio-political and socio-economic situation in Ukraine. Changes in the structure of tourist flows for the purpose of trips and types of tourism have been researched, and it has been determined that the largest share is travel for recreation purposes.

The geographic structure of the departures and arrivals of tourists in Ukraine has been analyzed, its changes in recent years have been determined. It was established that about 80% of departures and arrivals are coming to neighboring countries, but the share of countries of “distant” foreign countries is increasing in the structure of inbound and outbound flows. Functioning of the tourism activity subjects of Ukraine was analyzed in the regional context. The subjects are, tour operators, travel agents and subjects carrying out excursion activities. Regional differences in the results of their activities were identified: this is the number of serviced tourists and revenues from the tourist services provision. Leadership of the metropolitan region in terms of the indicators of the functioning of the tourism activity subjects was determined. Features of tourism business in other regions of Ukraine have been characterized, the regions-leaders were determined by the number of subjects of tourism activity and the efficiency of their activity.

It was established that the highest concentration of tourism activity (the number of subjects of the tourists activity, the number of tourists serviced, revenues from tourist services, the largest volumes of revenues from tax payments by subjects of the tourists activity) is characterised for regions with significant tourist and recreational resources and powerful economic potential – Lviv, Odessa, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kherson, Kyiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi regions.