SPECIFICS OF LANDSCAPE RESEARCH OF SILVICULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Abstract

Specific approaches, principles and methods of cognition of modern silvicultural landscapes are considered; it is stated that due to the fact that the difference between natural and anthropogenic silvicultural landscapes is only in their genesis, in the process of studying silvicultural landscapes, both classical and specific approaches, principles and methods can be used. Among the specific approaches, the historicalcartographic one with the inherent principles of historicism and methods of historical-genetic series of maps, historical-archaeological method is considered in more detail; system-adaptive with the principle of combination and methods of comparison of natural analogues and analysis of final results; landscapebiocoenotic and landscape-ecological with the methods of the leading factor, comparison of disturbed and control biogeocenoses and arealographic, as well as geoinformation approach in the knowledge of silvicultural landscapes. It is shown that all approaches, principles and methods of knowledge of forest anthropogenic landscapes should be applied depending on the available conditions and needs of practice. However, in the process of field research, landscape-biocoenotic and landscape-ecological approaches with their own principles and methods of cognition of forest anthropogenic landscapes were more often used. It is shown that in its implementation landscape scientists not only have the right, but also the obligation to use the rich experience of foresters. It is advisable to characterize the stand in the following order: dominant species by tiers (in tree, shrub and grass), quality, age, height of trees – in meters, trunk diameter – in cm, planting density. In abbreviated form, information about the forest tract is presented in the form of a kind of formula. These approaches, principles and methods were applied in the process of studying the forest anthropogenic landscapes of two regions of Ukraine – Podillia (Forest-Steppe Zone) and North-Western Pryazovia (Steppe Zone). The expediency and necessity of their application are substantiated in the process of dissertation research and confirmed by practice.