KAKHOVKA RESERVOIR CATASTROPHE: INTERDISCIPLINARY DISCOURSE ON CONSEQUENCES AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES (2025)
Abstract
The deliberate destruction of the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant dam in June 2023 unleashed an unprecedented environmental and humanitarian catastrophe in Southern Ukraine, profoundly altering vast territories and impacting millions of lives. This event triggered an immediate and multifaceted scientific response, necessitating a rapid mobilization of expertise across diverse disciplines to comprehend its complex ramifications. This article undertakes a systematic organization and critical analysis of the current interdisciplinary discourse that has emerged in response to the consequences of the Kakhovka Reservoir catastrophe. This discourse, characterized by its dynamism and breadth, aims to understand, document, and propose solutions for the extensive ecological and socio-economic challenges presented by the disaster.Particular emphasis is placed on the significant body of scientific work that has been presented and robustly discussed within the framework of the International Scientific and Practical Conferences held consecutively at Kherson State University from 2023 to 2025. These annual gatherings have served as pivotal intellectual platforms, acting as a key manifestation of active communication, collaborative knowledge exchange, and the vital synthesis of findings among specialists hailing from various scientific fields, including geography, ecology, hydrology, biology, economics, and sociology. These conferences have collectively fostered a holistic understanding of the disaster, moving beyond isolated disciplinary perspectives to a more integrated assessment of the complex cause-and-effect relationships.To effectively process and interpret this burgeoning scientific output, a specially developed methodology for the typification of scientific sources has been rigorously applied. This methodological framework is structured around two crucial analytical dimensions: a chronological criterion, categorizing research conducted before, during, and after the catastrophic event, and a comprehensive landscape-component criterion. The latter systematically examines the impacts across biotic components, encompassing changes in biodiversity, ecosystem health, and ecological resilience; abiotic components, including profound alterations in hydrological regimes, hydrogeological processes, soil degradation, and geomorphological transformations of the former reservoir bed and riverbanks; and anthropogenic components, addressing severe socio-economic ramifications, damage to critical infrastructure, disruptions to water supply systems, agricultural losses, and the far-reaching impacts on human livelihoods and displacement.The in-depth analysis of the diverse research conducted reveals not only the breadth of academic engagement but also critical insights into the evolving understanding of the catastrophe. It highlights the extensive studies covering landscape transformations, the dynamics of biodiversity change in newly formed and altered ecosystems, the drastic influence on regional hydrological cycles, and the pervasive socio-economic consequences resulting from the destruction of the HPP. Beyond identifying the predominant research directions, the analysis critically pinpointed significant gaps within the current scientific discourse. Notably, there remains insufficient comprehensive coverage and high-resolution data regarding the immediate ecological consequences observed directly during the catastrophe's initial phase.Furthermore, a pressing need for more detailed pre-disaster baseline studies is identified, which are crucial for accurately quantifying environmental changes, alongside a requirement for more extensive, long-term monitoring and in-depth analysis of the complex, interconnected long-term consequences across all affected landscape components and societal spheres.Based on this systematic and critical review of existing knowledge and identified lacunae, priority perspectives for further scientific research are meticulously outlined. These future research directions are strategically formulated to address the critical gaps, enhance predictive capabilities, and ultimately contribute to the development of effective, evidence-based strategies for sustainable regional recovery, comprehensive environmental restoration, and resilient development in the post-catastrophe landscape.These priorities include establishing robust, integrated long-term monitoring systems, developing advanced modeling tools for predicting future environmental trajectories, crafting adaptive management plans for new ecosystems, and informing policy frameworks for regional planning and reconstruction.
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